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Introduction

The History of the Knights Templar in relation Scottish chronology

The History of the medieval Order is so well known, and has been published in so many other places, that there seems little point in providing a comprehensive account here.

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We have, therefore, opted to provide a ‘time-line’ of Scottish history in order that the place of the Knights Templar within it might be might be more easily understood.

Even that option has limited use as there is a major break in the time-line (1312 – 1804) and therefore it must be considered to be two time-lines, one for the original medieval Order of the Knights Templar and the other for the ‘revival’ of the Order as manifest in the creation of the Scottish Masonic version c.1804. The time line below is relative to Scotland.

We have recently incorporated the dates of the foundation of the Scottish Collegiate Churches. We have done so because Rosslyn Chapel and the alleged connections with the Knights Templar and Freemasonry are nearly always considered in isolation, that is, a subject in its own right. However, history is not ‘compartmentalised’ in little boxes and thus ignoring other Collegiate Churches suggests that Rosslyn Chapel was the only such church in Scotland.

In the list below the date of the foundation of the collegiate church is given together with its’ name and the individual or family responsible for its’ foundation.

Date
Event
1067
First Mention of the St Clairs in Scotland (In the Genealogie….)
1099
Donald III dies. Last king to be buried on Iona
1113
Selkirk Abbey founded
1118
Knights Templar founded in Jerusalem
1124
David I becomes king. Later grants land to KT
1128
Holyrood and Kelso Abbeys founded
1136
Melrose Abbey established
1138
St Magnus Catherdral, Orkney, begun
1138
Jedburgh Abbey founded
1140
Dryburgh Abbey established
1142
Dundrennan Abbey founded
1151
Founding of Kinloss Abbey
1153
David I dies
1160
Founding of Saddell Abbey
1163
Paisley Abbey comes in to being
1165
Wiilliam I (‘the Lion’) enthroned
1178
An abbey is erected at Arbroath
1214
William the Lion dies, Alexander II king
1227
Balmerino Abbey founded
1248
First Collegiate Church in Scotland established at St Andrews by the church not a family)
1249
Alexander II dies, his son, Alexander III become king
1251
Alexander married Margaret of England
1274
William Wallace and Robert the Bruce both born in this year
1278
Alexander visits Edward I in London
1286
Alexander III dies
1291
Edward I asked to arbitrate between 13 competitors to the throne
1291
Knights Templar suffer a defeat at Acre. As a fighting force they cease to exist.
1292
Edward favours John Balliol who is crowned in November
1295
The ‘Auld Alliance’ created by a ‘mutual defence’ treaty with France
1296
Balliol defies Edward who invades Scotland and steals the Stone of Destiny
1297
Wallace rises and defeats English at Stirling Bridge
1298
Edward invades Scotland and defeats Wallace at Falkirk. The Grand Master of the Knight Templar and his Lieutenant are killed fight with the English forces
1301
Scots in Rome to plead Scotland’s case to the Pope
1302
Robert the Bruce does fealty to Edward I
1302
The new Knights Templar (recruited after Acre 1291) are wiped out at Raud
1303
Scots victorious at the battle of Roslin (24th Feb)
1305
Wallace captured and executed
1306
Robert the Bruce murders John ‘the Red’ Comyn at Dumfries (10th Feb)
1306
Robert crowned king at Scone (25th March)
1306
Battle of Methven, Bruce defeated. (19th June)
1307
Battle of Loudon Hill, inconclusive (May)
1307
Edward I dies (July)
1307
Knights Templar in France arrested by Phillip IV (13th October)
1307
October – the earliest fugitive KT could have come to Scotland/Argyle
1307
Battle of Inverurie (24th December)
1308
Battle of Brander Pass. The MacDougall’s of Argyll defeated (15th August)
1309
Robert I’s first Parliament, held at St Andrews, Phillip of France’s request that the Knights Templar in Scotland be arrested is discussed. Outcome not known
1312
The medieval Order of the Knights Templar dissolved by the Council of Vienne
-
Knight Templar property transferred to the Knights of St John (Hospitallers)
1312
Medieval Order of Knight Templar extinct
1314
Scottish forces under Robert I are victorious at the Battle of Bannockburn (23rd – 24th June)
1316
Edward Bruce crowned king of Ireland
1318
Last English stronghold in Scotland, Berwick-on-Tweed, retaken by the Scots
1318
Edward Bruce killed in battle
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